Analysis of the Current Status of Research on Outpatient Physician-Patient Communication in China and Abroad over the Past Two Decades: A Comparison Based on CNKI and WOSCC

Abstract

Objective: Outpatient doctor–patient communication directly influences diagnostic efficiency and patient satisfaction. However, domestic research remains limited in scale and often lacks systematic communication models. This study compares domestic and international research hotspots and trends over the past two decades through bibliometric and keyword evolution analysis, with particular attention to the role of narrative medicine. Method Literature published between January 1st, 2005 and December 31st, 2024 was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). CiteSpace was employed for bibliometric visualization, and representative studies were reviewed to identify thematic foci and methodological features. Results: Over the past two decades, research on outpatient physician-patient communication has exhibited a progressive trend, evolving from “basic concepts” to “relationships/experiences,” and ultimately to “mechanistic deepening.” Internationally, a transition has been completed—shifting from mere “information transmission” toward a framework encompassing “patient-centered care, shared decision-making, and narrative medicine.” This evolution has resulted in a comprehensive system that integrates theory, practical tools, and education, and has led to the widespread adoption of qualitative and mixed-methods approaches. Although the volume of domestic publications has grown rapidly, research remains predominantly focused on identifying problems and proposing countermeasures, while the exploration of underlying mechanisms and practical application at the grassroots level remains relatively insufficient. Conclusion: Research on physician-patient communication is evolving from a focus on single issues toward multidimensional integration; however, disparities persist—both domestically and internationally—regarding the pace of development, theoretical depth, and methodological approaches. Moving forward, through the synergistic advancement of institutional frameworks, education, and digitalization—and by drawing upon established best practices—we should construct an outpatient communication system that is quantifiable, replicable, and capable of continuous optimization, thereby achieving a balance among efficiency, patient experience, and trust.