Research on Architecture Design and Optimization of Cloud-Edge Collaborative Emergency Communication System for Low-Latency Response

Abstract

In terms of the base station destruction, link disconnection and resource contention in the disaster environment of the traditional emergency communication system, there is a clear contradiction between the physical vulnerability of the communication link and its requirements for low-latency response. This paper proposes a cloud-edge collaborative emergency communication architecture to solve this problem. Based on edge collaborative computing and the ability of elastic expansion of the cloud, the architecture creates a communication network with fault self-healing ability by combining task replication scheduling and dynamic resource allocation. The task replication mechanism uses computing resources in exchange for communication efficiency. It can still ensure the continuous execution of tasks when key nodes fail. Dynamic resource allocation is to monitor the load of nodes, the quality of links and the state of energy consumption in real time, so as to achieve the purpose of adaptive distribution of tasks and on-demand scheduling of resources. On this basis, the improved ant colony optimization algorithm is used to complete the rapid deployment of emergency tasks. The efficiency of scheduling and the speed of convergence are improved by improving the pheromone update strategy, the design of heuristic function and the selection of nodes. From the results of theoretical analysis and simulation experiments, under a simulated disaster scenario with three edge node failures (out of a total of 10 edge nodes) and a concurrent task scale of 300-500, the proposed architecture reduces the average task response delay by approximately 40% compared to a baseline cloud-edge collaborative architecture without task replication. Furthermore, the system's task completion reliability reaches over 96% under these conditions, demonstrating significant performance advantages.which can well meet the needs of real-time and stability of communication in emergency situations.